Single Switch Multiple Functions

Introduction

In this project, I am going to teach you how to give multiple functions in a single push switch. Below is the list of different ways of using the switches for different functions,

• Single Tap
• Double Tap
• Triple Tap
• Four Tap
• Hold
• Tap and hold

“there can be more if you can be creative” 

Demo

Things Required

• Arduino or any other compatible board
• Micro push button
• RGB LED, for testing the switch functions.

Theory

• First, we calculate the time gap between each button press and the number of times the button is pressed 
• Then according to the no. of times, the button is pressed we are calling different functions
• like the same way if the time gap is more than the preset value then we consider it as a “hold” and we call the functions which we associate to it

watch the full video for detailed programming instructions.

Hardware Required

Components	DIY Usthad	Amazon.com	Banggood	AliExpress	Utsource
Arduino Nano
Push Button

Circuit

• Connect one leg of the push button to any digital pin.
• connect the other leg to the ground of Arduino.

Full Video

Part 1

Part 2

Code

//www.diyusthad.com
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//program by diyusthad
//code for programming multiple functions to a single push button
#define sw 5 //pin at push sw is connected
#define red 12
#define green 11
#define blue 10

int lastButtonState = HIGH;   // the previous reading from the input pin
unsigned long lastDebounceTime = 0;  // the last time the output pin was toggled
unsigned long debounceDelay = 50;    // the debounce time; increase if the output flickers
bool buttonState = HIGH; //saving state of the switch
byte tapCounter; //for saving no. of times the switch is pressed
int timediff; //for saving the time in between each press and release of the switch
bool flag1, flag2; //just two variables
long double presstime, releasetime; //for saving millis at press and millis at release
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600); //for serial monitor
  pinMode(sw, INPUT_PULLUP); //setting pin 5 as input with internal pull up resistor
  pinMode(red, OUTPUT); digitalWrite(red, HIGH);
  pinMode(green, OUTPUT); digitalWrite(green, HIGH);
  pinMode(blue, OUTPUT); digitalWrite(blue, HIGH);

//  digitalWrite(red, LOW);
//  delay(1000);
//  digitalWrite(red, HIGH);
//  delay(1000);
//  digitalWrite(green, LOW);
//  delay(1000);
//  digitalWrite(green, HIGH);
//  delay(1000);
//  digitalWrite(blue, LOW);
//  delay(1000);
//  digitalWrite(blue, HIGH);

}

void loop() {

  int reading = digitalRead(sw);

  if (reading != lastButtonState) {
    // reset the debouncing timer
    lastDebounceTime = millis();
  }

  if ((millis() - lastDebounceTime) > debounceDelay) {
    // whatever the reading is at, it's been there for longer than the debounce
    // delay, so take it as the actual current state:

    // if the button state has changed:
    if (reading != buttonState) {
      buttonState = reading;
    }
  }
  //Serial.println(buttonState);

  //when switch is pressed
  if (buttonState == 0 && flag2 == 0)
  {
    presstime = millis(); //time from millis fn will save to presstime variable
    flag1 = 0;
    flag2 = 1;
    tapCounter++; //tap counter will increase by 1
    //delay(10); //for avoiding debouncing of the switch
  }
  //when sw is released
  if (buttonState == 1 && flag1 == 0)
  {
    releasetime = millis(); //time from millis fn will be saved to releasetime var
    flag1 = 1;
    flag2 = 0;

    timediff = releasetime - presstime; //here we find the time gap between press and release and stored to timediff var
    //Serial.println(timediff);
    //delay(10);
  }

  if ((millis() - presstime) > 400 && buttonState == 1) //wait for some time and if sw is in release position
  {
    if (tapCounter == 1) //if tap counter is 1
    {
      if (timediff >= 400) //if time diff is larger than 400 then its a hold
      {
        Serial.println("Hold");
        hold(); //fn to call when the button is hold
      }
      else //if timediff is less than 400 then its a single tap
      {
        Serial.println("single tap");
        singleTap(); //fn to call when the button is single taped
      }
    }
    else if (tapCounter == 2 ) //if tapcounter is 2
    {
      if (timediff >= 400) // if timediff is greater than  400 then its single tap and hold
      {
        Serial.println("single tap and hold");
        tapAndHold(); //fn to call when the button is single tap and hold
      }
      else // if timediff is less than 400 then its just double tap
      {
        Serial.println("double tap");
        doubleTap(); //fn to call when doubletap
      }
    }
    else if (tapCounter == 3) //if tapcounter is 3 //then its triple tap
    {
      Serial.println("triple tap");
      tripleTap(); //fn to call when triple tap
    }
    else if (tapCounter == 4) //if tapcounter is 4 then its 4 tap
    {
      Serial.println("four tap");
      fourTap();//fn to call when four tap
    }
    tapCounter = 0;
  }
  lastButtonState = reading;
}
void nolight()
{
  digitalWrite(red, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(green, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(blue, HIGH);
}
void singleTap()
{
  nolight();
  digitalWrite(red, LOW);
}
void doubleTap()
{
  nolight();
  digitalWrite(green, LOW);
}
void tripleTap()
{
  nolight();
  digitalWrite(blue, LOW);
}
void fourTap()
{
  nolight();
  digitalWrite(red, LOW);
  digitalWrite(blue, LOW);
}
void hold()
{
  nolight();
  digitalWrite(red, LOW);
  digitalWrite(green, LOW);
}
void tapAndHold()
{
  nolight();
  digitalWrite(green, LOW);
  digitalWrite(blue, LOW);
}

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